Lesson 2

 

                             ����Ѻ����� 2 �����Ҩ������¹���Ѿ���ҧ� �ҡ��� �����Ҩ�����ǡѺ��ú������ѡɳзҧ����Ҿ���͹���¢ͧ�� ��Ф��Ѿ�����价����㹡����������ͧ�ѹ�Ф�

 

Vocabulary

·       feature (n.)  - ����Ӥѭ ,  ��ǹ�Ӥѭ  

         One of the main features in Bangkok is the Grand Palace.

         ˹�������Ӥѭ�ͧ��ا෾��ҹ�ä�;�к������Ҫ�ѧ

·       spot (v.)   - �͡����� , ��

         She looks at the map and spots the location of the new museum.

         ���ͧ��Ἱ�������кض֧����駢ͧ�ԾԸ�ѳ���������

·       huge (adj.)  -  �˭�

·       due to (prep.)   -  ���ͧ�ҡ

         Chris went home late due to heavy traffic.

         ���ʡ�Ѻ��ҹ�֡���ͧ�ҡ��è�ҨõԴ�Ѵ

·       catch up with (v.)    -   �Դ���

I cannot catch up with the lesson because I don�t pay attention  to it.

�ѹ�������ö��������¹��ѹ ���Щѹ�����������¹

·       reckless  (adj.)   -  ����ҷ  , ������

         The reckless driver was caught after the accident.

         ���Ѻö������ҷ�١�Ѻ��ѧ�Դ�غѵ��˵�

·       patient (adj.)   -    Í´ï¿½ï¿½                           patient  (n.)   -   ����

         You must be patient with the little kids.

         �س��ͧʹ���Ѻ������

         The patient is in the waiting room.

         �����������ͧ�;�ᾷ��

·       plain  (adj.)   -  ���º����

·       complex (adj.)  -  �Ѻ��͹ ,  ����ҡ

·       complicated  (adj.)  -  �Ѻ��͹

         Her problem is very complicated. I need more time to solve it.

         �ѭ�Ңͧ�ͫѺ��͹�ҡ �ѹ��ͧ��������ҡ���ҹ��㹡����ѭ��

·       run across  (v.)   -  ���ºѧ��ԭ

         I ran across my old colleague at the mall.

         �ѹ�����͹�����ҹ����ºѧ��ԭ�����ҧ��þ�Թ���

·       familiar (adj.)   -   �����

·       declare (v.)   -  ����

         John declared that he would be the candidate in the next election.

         ���칻�С������Ҩ�ŧ��Ѥ�㹡�����͡��駤���˹��

·       flammable  (adj.)   - �Դ�

         Fabric, wood and paper are flammable materials.

         ��� �����С�д������ʴ����

·       former  (adj.)   -  ���  ,  ï¿½ï¿½Í¹

         My former teacher just moved to Canada.

         �س��٤���Ңͧ�ѹ����������������᤹Ҵ�

·       nominate (v.)   -  �ʹͪ���

         Sandra was nominated for the 23rd Academy Awards.

         �ҹ���Ҷ١�ʹͪ�����Ҫԧ�ҧ���㹧ҹ��С�ȼ��ҧ�����ʡ���

·       elect (v.)   -  ���͡���

         George has a right to elect his representative this year.

         �չ���������Է������͡��駼��᷹

·       designate (v.)  -  �觵�� 

         Jessica was designated as the cheer leader.

         ���ԡҶ١�觵����������˹�ҡͧ�����

·       latter (adj.)   -   ���ҧ��ѧ

         Between beef and chicken, the latter is my favorite meat.

         �����ҧ������ǡѺ������ ���ҧ��ѧ�����ͷ��ѹ�ͺ

·       differ (v.)  -   ᵡ��ҧ

         My opinion differs from my friend�s.

         �����Դ��繢ͧ�ѹᵡ��ҧ�ҡ�ͧ���͹

        

���¹���Ѿ������ �ͧ�ҷ�Ẻ���ͺ�ٹФ�

Directions :    ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¹ªï¿½Í§ï¿½ï¿½Ò§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Â¤ï¿½ï¿½Ñ¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»¹ï¿½ï¿½

due to                    differs            ran across                spot

nominate                 patient          elect                       declared

former                    designated      complicated             latter

familiar                    reckless         flammable                catch up with 

 

1.       I ___________ my old friend yesterday.

2.       Her __________ husband died 3 years ago.

3.       The _____________ driver causes the car accident.

4.       Sarah didn�t go to school ____________ her illness.

5.       Be ___________! The meal will be ready in 5 minutes.

6.       I missed the class for several days and couldn�t ____________ the lesson.

7.       My score _____________ from yours.

8.       The math problem is very _____________. I can�t solve it.

9.       The government ____________ Wednesday a holiday.

10.    Please keep gasoline away from children. It is _________________.

11.    Capt. Hanks ______________ Lt. Johnson to take charge on the ship. 

12.    I will ____________Mr. Johnson as the Vice President.

13.    Gloria cannot ______________ where she parked her car.

14.    If I had to choose between Toyota Camry and Honda Accord, I would choose the ____________, Honda Accord.

15.    My favorite soccer player is _____________ to get the popular vote.

 

�ͧ��Ǩ����´ٹФ���Ҷ١��ͧ�ú�ء����������� ⪤�չФ�

1.       I ran across my old friend yesterday.

2.       Her former husband died 3 years ago.

3.       The reckless driver causes the car accident.

4.       Sarah didn�t go to school due to her illness.

5.       Be patient! The meal will be ready in 5 minutes.

6.       I missed the class for several days and couldn�t catch up with the lesson.

7.       My score differs from yours.

8.       The math problem is very complicated. I can�t solve it.

9.       The government declared Wednesday a holiday.

10.    Please keep gasoline away from children. It is flammable.

11.    Capt. Hanks designated Lt. Johnson to take charge on the ship. 

12.    I will elect Mr. Johnson as the Vice President.

13.    Gloria cannot spot where she parked her car.

14.    If I had to choose between Toyota Camry and Honda Accord, I would choose the latter, Honda Accord.

15.    My favorite soccer player is nominated to get the popular vote.

 

                   ���¹���Ѿ������� ���������¹����ͧ���ҡó�ѹ�ա��Ҥ�� ����Ѻ㹺���� �Ҩ�ЫѺ��͹�ѡ˹��� ������ ���¹���仹Ф� �������

 

Grammar       Noun as object complement after verbs of choosing

                         (�ӹ����˹�ҷ������ǹ������ ��ͷ��¡��������ǡѺ������͡)

㹻���¤����ա��������ǡѺ������͡ ��þԨ�ó���С�äԴ ����ö�դӹ�������ѧ 2 ��� ������¶֧�繺ؤ������������������ǡѹ �Ҩ��¹�������ٻẺ

������ҧ         

·       We find Bangkok as an interesting city.

                                     to be

               Bangkok  =  an interesting city

               ��Ҿ���ҡ�ا෾��ҹ�������ͧ�����ʹ�

 

·       They appointed Mr. Peterson as the Director of the Center.

                                                         to be

            Mr. Peterson  =  the Director

              �ǡ���觵���������������ѹ�繼���ӹ�¡�âͧ�ٹ��

      

·       Eugene�s supervisors consider him an excellent worker.

                                                                  as

            Eugene  =  an excellent worker

              �٨չ���Ѻ��þԨ�óҨҡ���ѧ�Ѻ�ѭ������繾�ѡ�ҹ����

 

�����ͧ��Ẻ���ͺ�ٹФ�  

 

Directions :     ï¿½ï¿½Ò¹ï¿½ï¿½Ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ã³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ç§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

1.       Dominic  :  Who do you consider your best student?

Peter   :   (Robert Steward)

              _______________________________.

2.       Clark      :   Do you find golf an interesting sport?

Jason      :   (no, boring)

             _______________________________.

3.       Derek    :   Was James elected captain of the basketball team?

Clint      :   (no, soccer)

               _________________________________________.

4.       William   :    Who did the students name as their favorite teacher?

Dennis    :    (Mr. Smith)

               _________________________________________.

5.       Edmund  :   What are you considering as a career path?

Carl         :   (architect)

               _________________________________________.

6.       Janet       :   Did the President declare Monday as a public holiday?

Michelle  :   (yes)

              _________________________________________.

7.       Grace    :    Did you imagine Mathematics to be an easy subject?

Flora     :    (no, difficult)

              ________________________________________.

8.       Jeremy   :   Has the judge appointed Mr. Millers to be your lawyer?

Gerald    :   (no, Mrs. Anderson)

             ________________________________________.

9.       Evelyn  :  Who did they select as the best actor?

Irene     :   (Brad Pitt)

                 _________________________________________.

10.    Janice   :   Did they choose Helen the Chairman?

Hilary    :  (no, Jean)

                  _________________________________________.

���º�������� �ͧ��Ǩ�ӵͺ�ٹФ�      

1.       Dominic  :  Who do you consider your best student?

Peter   :   (Robert Steward)

              I consider Robert Steward my best student.

2.       Clark      :   Do you find golf an interesting sport?

Jason      :   (no, boring)

             No, I find it a boring sport.

3.       Derek    :    Was James elected captain of the basketball team?

Clint      :    (no, soccer)

              No, he was elected captain of the soccer team.

4.       William   :    Who did the students name as their favorite teacher?

Dennis    :    (Mr. Smith)

               They named Mr. Smith as their favorite teacher.

5.       Edmund  :   What are you considering as a career path?

Carl         :   (architect)

               I�m considering architect as a career path.

6.       Janet       :   Did the President declare Monday as a public holiday?

Michelle  :   (yes)

              Yes, the President declared Monday as a public holiday.

7.       Grace    :    Did you imagine Mathematics to be an easy subject?

Flora     :    (no, difficult)

              No, I imagined Mathematics to be a difficult subject.

8.       Jeremy   :   Has the judge appointed Mr. Millers to be your lawyer?

Gerald    :   (no, Mrs. Anderson)

             No, he has appointed Mrs. Anderson to be my lawyer.

9.       Evelyn  :   Who did they select as the best actor?

Irene     :   (Brad Pitt)

                 They selected Brad Pitt as the best actor.

10.    Janice   :   Did they choose Helen the Chairman?

Hilary    :  (no, Jean)

                  No, they chose Jean the Chairman.

                  

                   ���ҡó�����ͧ���仨�����ǡѺ���Ŵ�ٻ͹ػ���¤�س�Ѿ�� (adjective clause) �������դس�Ѿ�� (adjective phrase)

 

Grammar       Reducing adjective clauses to adjective phrases

                             (���Ŵ�ٻ͹ػ���¤�س�Ѿ���������դس�Ѿ��)

����¤����Сͺ���»���¤�س�Ѿ�� (adjective clause) ����ö��������ŧ�� �¡������¹�������դس�Ѿ�� (adjective phrase) ������չ����Ҩ����� present participle (taking the test, standing by the window) ���� past participle (parked on the grass, made in Thailand) ����

������ҧ         

·          The food that is served in the cafeteria is very delicious.

                   The food served in the cafeteria is very delicious.

                   ����÷���������ç��������ʪҵ������

·          Do you know the man who is waving to us?

                   Do you know the man waving to us?

                    ï¿½Ø³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Â¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ñ§âº¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

·          The movie that is being shown now was my favorite one.

                   The movie being shown now was my favorite one.

                    ï¿½Ò¾Â¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ñ§ï¿½ï¿½Â¢ï¿½Ð¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Í§ï¿½Ã´ï¿½Í§ï¿½Ñ¹

�ҡ������ҧ���������� ����ѡ���Ŵ�ٻ�¡�õѴ           relative pronouns  ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ verb to be �͡�� who is , who are , that is ���� that are  ï¿½ï¿½Ð¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ù» present participle (V.ing) ���� past participle (V.3) ���

���ǹ���ͧ�ҷ�Ẻ���ͺ�ٹФ�

Directions :     ï¿½ï¿½Â¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Â¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ò¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Â¹Í¹Ø»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Â¤ï¿½Ø³ï¿½Ñ¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Õ¤Ø³ï¿½Ñ¾ï¿½ï¿½

1.       The man who is wearing the white shirt is my father.

          ___________________________________________________

2.       Do the books that are on the table belong to you?

         ____________________________________________________

3.       There were some children who are swimming in the pool.

         ___________________________________________________

4.       Anyone who is not feeling well should see the doctor.

         ___________________________________________________

5.       Please turn in the books which are checked out from the library today.

          _______________________________________________________

6.       Can the money that is paid for this computer be refunded?

          _______________________________________________________

7.       Why do you keep the stuff that�s being thrown away?

           ________________________________________________________

8.       The injuries who were taken to the hospital were safe.

           _______________________________________________________

9.       The cars which are being made in Germany are very expensive.

         _______________________________________________________

10.    We do not agree that the rent which is being charged is reasonable.

           _______________________________________________________

 

����ҡ��� ��Ǩ�ӵͺ�ٹФ� �١����ء����������

1.       The man who is wearing the white shirt is my father.

The man wearing the white shirt is my father.

2.       Do the books that are on the table belong to you?

Do the books on the table belong to you?

3.       There were some children who are swimming in the pool.

There were some children swimming in the pool.

4.       Anyone who is not feeling well should see the doctor.

Anyone not feeling well should see the doctor.

5.       Please turn in the books which are checked out from the library today.

Please turn in the books checked out from the library today.

6.       Can the money that is paid for this computer be refunded?

Can the money paid for this computer be refunded?

7.       Why do you keep the stuff that�s being thrown away?

Why do you keep the stuff being thrown away?

8.       The injuries who were taken to the hospital were safe.

The injuries taken to the hospital were safe.

9.       The cars which are being made in Germany are very expensive.

The cars which being made in Germany are very expensive.

10.    We do not agree that the rent which is being charged is reasonable.

 We do not agree that the rent being charged is reasonable.


                   ������������¹���ҡó�����ͧ���Ŵ�ٻ͹ػ���¤�س�Ѿ�� (adjective clause) ����繺ؾ����� (prepositional phrase) �ѹ�Ф� ����ͧ���Ф���¡Ѻ���ҡó�����ͧ������¹�ҡ�͹˹�ҹ�� ����դ���ᵡ��ҧ��硹��¤��

Grammar       Reducing adjective clauses to prepositional phrases

                             (���Ŵ�ٻ͹ػ���¤�س�Ѿ������繺ؾ�����)

                   ����¤�����͹ػ���¤�س�Ѿ���Сͺ���»�иҹ����� who, which ���� that ������ verb to be ������ºؾ��������͡���� have ��С����ç ����öŴ�ٻ�� �¡������¹͹ػ���¤�س�Ѿ������繺ؾ����� ���͹ػ���¤�س�Ѿ������ have / don�t have ����öŴ�ٻ����繺ؾ������������� with ���� without á·¹      

��иҹ

͹ػ���¤�س�Ѿ��

��ǹ�ʴ�

that + be, have

�ؾ�����

The supermarket

that is

near the cinema

 

is very big.

The supermarket

 

-

near the cinema

 

is very big.

The clock

 

that is

on the wall

doesn�t work.

The clock

 

-

on the wall

doesn�t work.

The hat

 

that has

a pink ribbon

belongs to Susie.

The hat

 

-

with a pink ribbon

belongs to Susie.

A driver

 

who doesn�t have

a license

is illegal.

A driver

 

-

without a license

is illegal.

 

������ѡ���Ŵ�ٻ͹ػ���¤�س�Ѿ������繺ؾ��������� ���ǹ���ͧ�ҷ�Ẻ���ͺ�ٹФ� ����ҡ���ҧ���س�Դ���

Directions :     ï¿½ï¿½Â¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Â¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ò¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Â¹Í¹Ø»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Â¤ï¿½Ø³ï¿½Ñ¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¹ºØ¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

1.       I prefer coffee that doesn�t have sugar.

______________________________________________________

2.       The students who have problems should ask their teacher.

______________________________________________________

3.       The umbrella which is near the door is mine.

_____________________________________________________

4.       Who is the handsome man who has long hair?

_____________________________________________________

5.       Most of the stores that are at the shopping center open at 11:00 a.m.

_____________________________________________________

6.       The employees who are not at the meeting should be in the office.

______________________________________________________

7.       Is the red sports car which is in the parking lot yours?

______________________________________________________

8.       The postman will not deliver the letter which does not have a stamp.

______________________________________________________

9.       This position requires someone who has a Bachelor of Engineering.

______________________________________________________

10.   The Military Police who are at the front gate are checking everyone�s identification.

______________________________________________________

�����ҧ�ú�ҧ�� ��������ء����������� �ͧ��Ǩ�ӵͺ�ٹФ�

1.       I prefer coffee that doesn�t have sugar.

I prefer coffee without sugar.

2.       The students who have problems should ask their teacher.

The students with problems should ask their teacher.

3.       The umbrella which is near the door is mine.

The umbrella near the door is mine.

4.       Who is the handsome man who has long hair?

Who is the handsome man with long hair?

5.       Most of the stores that are at the shopping center open at 11:00 a.m.

Most of the stores at the shopping center open at 11:00 a.m.

6.       The employees who are not at the meeting should be in the office.

The employees not at the meeting should be in the office.

7.       Is the red sports car which is in the parking lot yours?

Is the red sports car in the parking lot yours?

8.       The postman will not deliver the letter which does not have a stamp.

The postman will not deliver the letter without a stamp.

9.       This position requires someone who has a Bachelor of Engineering.

This position requires someone with a Bachelor of Engineering.

10.   The Military Police who are at the front gate are checking everyone�s identification.

The Military Police at the front gate are checking everyone�s identification.

                   ���ҡó�����ͧ�ش���¢ͧ���������ǡѺ������§�ӴѺ�Ӣ���˹�Ҥӹ����Фس��ʧ����������� ��Ҩ��ҧ�Ӣ���˹�Ҥӹ�����ç�˹ ���˹�����͹����������ѧ ����ͧ�ѧ�Ť�� �������դ�͸Ժ�¾����������ҧ���������ҧ�Ѵਹ

Grammar       Sequencing modifiers before nouns

                              (������§�ӴѺ�Ӣ���˹�Ҥӹ��)

a

an

the your

���ʴ���������Ңͧ

�ӴѺ���

first

next

only

�ӹǹ

two

many

several

�س�Ѿ��

������

little

old

new

 

��

�س�Ѿ��

੾��

�ӹ��

�����ѡ

the

man�s

first

three

classic

old

green

Italian

leather

bags

her

mother�s

only

two

-

adult

-

-

-

children

the

-

only

other

-

-

-

French

racing

bike

-

Mary�s

-

two other

-

old

-

-

math

books

your

-

only

-

-

-

blue

-

cotton

blouse

-

-

-

several

fantastic

new

-

Thai

-

movies

the

colonel�s

-

-

great

-

-

army

-

mission

the

-

same

-

fine

old

white

French

-          

wine

-

-

-

many

ripe

-

yellow

-

-

mangoes

a

-

-

-

beautiful

new

red

American

sports

car

 

�������ͧ��Ẻ���ͺ�ѹ�Ф� �¹Ӥ��ǧ��������§�ӴѺ���١��ͧ

Directions :     ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¹ªï¿½Í§ï¿½ï¿½Ò§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ç§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������ҧ          one ________  __________ morning  (Sunday)  (beautiful) 

                   one beautiful Sunday morning

 

1.       Jane�s ___________  ____________ classmate  is very generous.  (university)   (former)

2.       Denis bought ___________  ___________  ____________ apples at the supermarket. (yellow)  (eleven)  (sweet)

3.       Do you enjoy studying  ____________  ______________  ____________ class?  (intermediate)  (Mr. Norton�s)  (English)

4.       The news about the _________  ___________  ___________ scared me.  (airplane)  (fatal)  (crash)

5.       ________  _________  __________ ____________ will  keep you warm.  (sweater)  (cotton)  (thick)  (this)

6.       We saw a(n) ___________  ___________  ____________  ___________ last weekend. (movie)  (new)  (exciting)  (action)

7.       Liz likes to eat  _________  __________  _____________  ___________ before dinner.  (vegetables)  (green)  (some)  (fresh)

8.       They always spend __________  ____________  ____________  ______________ in Spain.  (summer)  (their)  (vacation)  (usual)

 

9.       _________  ____________  _____________  ____________ interests the Dean of Admission. (record)  (excellent)  (his)  (academic) 

 

10.   ___________  ____________  ______________  ____________  ____________  costs me several thousand dollars. (furniture)  (antique)  

(bedroom)  (beautiful)  (this)

 

 

�ҡ����� ���ͧ��Ǩ�ӵͺ�ѹ�ա��Ҥ��

 

1.       Jane�s former university classmate is very generous.

2.       Denis bought eleven sweet yellow apples at the supermarket.

3.       Do you enjoy studying Mr. Norton�s intermediate English class? 

4.       The news about the fatal airplane crash scared me.

5.       This thick cotton sweater will keep you warm.

6.       We saw a(n) exciting new action movie last weekend.

7.       Liz likes to eat some fresh green vegetables before dinner. 

8.       They always spend their usual summer vacation in Spain.

9.       His excellent academic record interests the Dean of Admission.

10.   This beautiful antique bedroom furniture costs me several thousand dollars.

 

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