Lesson
2
����Ѻ�����
2
�����Ҩ������¹���Ѿ���ҧ� �ҡ���
�����Ҩ�����ǡѺ��ú������ѡɳзҧ����Ҿ���͹���¢ͧ��
��Ф��Ѿ�����价����㹡����������ͧ�ѹ�Ф�
Vocabulary
· feature
(n.) - ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ó¤Ñ , ��ǹ�ӤÑ
One
of the main features in Bangkok is the Grand Palace.
˹�������ӤÑ�ͧ��ا෾��ҹ�ä�;�к������Ҫ�ѧ
· spot
(v.) - �͡�����
, ��
She
looks at the map and spots the location of the new museum.
���ͧ��Ἱ�������кض֧����駢ͧ�ԾԸ�ѳ���������
· huge
(adj.) - ��
· due
to (prep.) - ���ͧ�ҡ
Chris
went home late due to heavy traffic.
���ʡ�Ѻ��ҹ�֡���ͧ�ҡ��è�ҨõԴ�Ѵ
· catch
up with (v.) - �Դ���
I
cannot catch up with the lesson because I don�t pay attention to it.
�ѹ�������ö��������¹��ѹ
���Щѹ�����������¹
· reckless (adj.) - ����ҷ , ������
The
reckless driver was caught after the accident.
���Ѻö������ҷ�١�Ѻ��ѧ�Դ�غѵ��˵�
· patient
(adj.) - ʹ��
patient (n.) - ����
You
must be patient with the little kids.
�س��ͧʹ���Ѻ������
The
patient is in the waiting room.
�����������ͧ�;�ᾷ��
· plain (adj.) - ���º����
· complex
(adj.) - �Ѻ��͹ , ����ҡ
· complicated (adj.) -
�Ѻ��͹
Her
problem is very complicated. I need more time to solve it.
�Ñ�Ңͧ�ͫѺ��͹�ҡ �ѹ��ͧ��������ҡ���ҹ��㹡����Ñ��
· run
across (v.) - ���ºѧ��Ô
I
ran across my old colleague at the mall.
�ѹ�����͹�����ҹ����ºѧ��Ô�����ҧ��þ�Թ���
· familiar
(adj.) - �����
· declare
(v.) - ����
John
declared that he would be the candidate in the next election.
���칻�С������Ҩ�ŧ��Ѥ�㹡�����͡��駤���˹��
· flammable (adj.) - �Դ�
Fabric,
wood and paper are flammable materials.
��� �����С�д������ʴ����
· former (adj.) - ��� , ��͹
My
former teacher just moved to Canada.
�س��٤���Ңͧ�ѹ����������������᤹Ҵ�
· nominate
(v.) - �ʹͪ���
Sandra
was nominated for the 23rd Academy Awards.
�ҹ���Ҷ١�ʹͪ�����Ҫԧ�ҧ���㹧ҹ��С�ȼ��ҧ�����ʡ���
· elect
(v.) - ���͡���
George
has a right to elect his representative this year.
�չ���������Է������͡��駼��᷹
· designate
(v.) - �觵��
Jessica
was designated as the cheer leader.
���ԡҶ١�觵����������˹�ҡͧ�����
· latter
(adj.) - ���ҧ��ѧ
Between
beef and chicken, the latter is my favorite meat.
�����ҧ������ǡѺ������ ���ҧ��ѧ�����ͷ��ѹ�ͺ
· differ
(v.) - ᵡ��ҧ
My
opinion differs from my friend�s.
�����Դ��繢ͧ�ѹᵡ��ҧ�ҡ�ͧ���͹
���¹���Ѿ������
�ͧ�ҷ�Ẻ���ͺ�ٹФ�
Directions : �����㹪�ͧ��ҧ���¤��Ѿ����仹��
due
to differs ran
across spot
nominate patient elect declared
former designated
complicated latter
familiar reckless flammable catch
up with
1. I
___________ my old friend yesterday.
2. Her
__________ husband died 3 years ago.
3. The
_____________ driver causes the car accident.
4. Sarah
didn�t go to school ____________ her illness.
5. Be
___________! The meal will be ready in 5 minutes.
6. I
missed the class for several days and couldn�t ____________ the lesson.
7. My
score _____________ from yours.
8. The
math problem is very _____________. I can�t solve it.
9. The
government ____________ Wednesday a holiday.
10. Please keep gasoline away from children.
It is _________________.
11. Capt. Hanks
______________ Lt. Johnson to take charge on the ship.
12. I will ____________Mr. Johnson as the
Vice President.
13. Gloria cannot ______________ where she
parked her car.
14. If I had to choose between Toyota Camry
and Honda Accord, I would choose the ____________, Honda Accord.
15. My favorite soccer player is
_____________ to get the popular vote.
�ͧ��Ǩ����´ٹФ���Ҷ١��ͧ�ú�ء�����������
⪤�չФ�
1. I
ran across my old friend yesterday.
2. Her
former husband died 3 years ago.
3. The
reckless driver causes the car accident.
4. Sarah
didn�t go to school due to her illness.
5. Be
patient! The meal will be ready in 5 minutes.
6. I
missed the class for several days and couldn�t catch up with the lesson.
7. My
score differs from yours.
8. The
math problem is very complicated. I can�t solve it.
9. The
government declared Wednesday a holiday.
10. Please keep gasoline away from children.
It is flammable.
11. Capt. Hanks designated Lt. Johnson
to take charge on the ship.
12. I will elect Mr. Johnson as the
Vice President.
13. Gloria cannot spot where she
parked her car.
14. If I had to choose between Toyota Camry
and Honda Accord, I would choose the latter, Honda Accord.
15. My favorite soccer player is nominated
to get the popular vote.
���¹���Ѿ�������
���������¹����ͧ���ҡó�ѹ�ա��Ҥ�� ����Ѻ㹺���� �Ҩ�ЫѺ��͹�ѡ˹���
������ ���¹���仹Ф� �������
Grammar Noun as object complement
after verbs of choosing
(�ӹ����˹�ҷ������ǹ������
��ͷ��¡��������ǡѺ������͡)
㹻���¤����ա��������ǡѺ������͡
��þԨ�ó���С�äԴ ����ö�դӹ�������ѧ 2 ���
������¶֧�繺ؤ������������������ǡѹ �Ҩ��¹�������ٻẺ
������ҧ
· We
find Bangkok as an interesting city.
to
be
Bangkok = an interesting city
��Ҿ���ҡ�ا෾��ҹ�������ͧ�����ʹ�
·
They appointed Mr. Peterson as
the Director of the Center.
to be
Mr. Peterson
= the Director
�ǡ���觵���������������ѹ�繼���ӹ�¡�âͧ�ٹ��
·
Eugene�s supervisors consider him an
excellent worker.
as
Eugene = an excellent worker
�٨չ���Ѻ��þԨ�óҨҡ���ѧ�Ѻ�Ñ������繾�ѡ�ҹ����
�����ͧ��Ẻ���ͺ�ٹФ�
Directions :
��ҹ��ʹ�����������ʹ����������ó�������ǧ���
1. Dominic : Who do you consider your best student?
Peter :
(Robert Steward)
_______________________________.
2. Clark : Do you find golf an interesting
sport?
Jason : (no, boring)
_______________________________.
3. Derek : Was James elected captain of the
basketball team?
Clint : (no, soccer)
_________________________________________.
4. William : Who did the students name as
their favorite teacher?
Dennis : (Mr. Smith)
_________________________________________.
5. Edmund : What are you considering as a
career path?
Carl
: (architect)
_________________________________________.
6. Janet : Did the President declare Monday
as a public holiday?
Michelle : (yes)
_________________________________________.
7. Grace : Did you imagine Mathematics
to be an easy subject?
Flora : (no, difficult)
________________________________________.
8. Jeremy : Has the judge appointed Mr.
Millers to be your lawyer?
Gerald : (no, Mrs. Anderson)
________________________________________.
9. Evelyn : Who did they select as the best actor?
Irene : (Brad Pitt)
_________________________________________.
10. Janice : Did they choose Helen the
Chairman?
Hilary : (no, Jean)
_________________________________________.
���º��������
�ͧ��Ǩ�ӵͺ�ٹФ�
1. Dominic : Who do you consider your best student?
Peter :
(Robert Steward)
I consider Robert
Steward my best student.
2. Clark : Do you find golf an interesting
sport?
Jason : (no, boring)
No, I find it
a boring sport.
3. Derek : Was James elected captain of the
basketball team?
Clint : (no, soccer)
No, he was elected captain of the
soccer team.
4. William : Who did the students name as
their favorite teacher?
Dennis : (Mr. Smith)
They named
Mr. Smith as their favorite teacher.
5. Edmund : What are you considering as a
career path?
Carl
: (architect)
I�m
considering architect as a career path.
6. Janet : Did the President declare Monday
as a public holiday?
Michelle : (yes)
Yes, the
President declared Monday as a public holiday.
7. Grace : Did you imagine Mathematics
to be an easy subject?
Flora : (no, difficult)
No, I imagined
Mathematics to be a difficult subject.
8. Jeremy : Has the judge appointed Mr.
Millers to be your lawyer?
Gerald : (no, Mrs. Anderson)
No, he has appointed Mrs.
Anderson to be my lawyer.
9. Evelyn : Who did they select as the best
actor?
Irene : (Brad Pitt)
They selected Brad Pitt as the best actor.
10. Janice : Did they choose Helen the
Chairman?
Hilary : (no, Jean)
No, they chose Jean the Chairman.
���ҡó�����ͧ���仨�����ǡѺ���Ŵ�ٻ͹ػ���¤�س�Ѿ�� (adjective
clause) �������դس�Ѿ�� (adjective phrase)
Grammar Reducing
adjective clauses to adjective phrases
(���Ŵ�ٻ͹ػ���¤�س�Ѿ���������դس�Ѿ��)
����¤����Сͺ���»���¤�س�Ѿ��
(adjective
clause) ����ö��������ŧ�� �¡������¹�������դس�Ѿ�� (adjective
phrase) ������չ����Ҩ����� present participle
(taking the test, standing by the window) ���� past
participle (parked on the grass, made in Thailand) ����
������ҧ
·
The food that is served in the
cafeteria is very delicious.
The
food served in the cafeteria is very delicious.
����÷���������ç��������ʪҵ������
·
Do you know the man who is waving
to us?
Do
you know the man waving to us?
�س���ѡ����¤������ѧ⺡�����������������
·
The movie that is being shown now
was my favorite one.
The
movie being shown now was my favorite one.
�Ҿ¹�������ѧ��¢�й��������ͧ�ô�ͧ�ѹ
�ҡ������ҧ����������
����ѡ���Ŵ�ٻ�¡�õѴ relative
pronouns ��� verb
to be �͡�� who is , who are , that is ����
that are ��Ф������������������ٻ present
participle (V.ing) ���� past
participle (V.3) ���
���ǹ���ͧ�ҷ�Ẻ���ͺ�ٹФ�
Directions :
��¹����¤����ҹ������������¹͹ػ���¤�س�Ѿ���������դس�Ѿ��
1. The
man who is wearing the white shirt is my father.
___________________________________________________
2. Do
the books that are on the table belong to you?
____________________________________________________
3. There
were some children who are swimming in the pool.
___________________________________________________
4. Anyone
who is not feeling well should see the doctor.
___________________________________________________
5. Please
turn in the books which are checked out from the library today.
_______________________________________________________
6. Can
the money that is paid for this computer be refunded?
_______________________________________________________
7. Why
do you keep the stuff that�s being thrown away?
________________________________________________________
8. The
injuries who were taken to the hospital were safe.
_______________________________________________________
9. The
cars which are being made in Germany are very expensive.
_______________________________________________________
10. We do not agree that the rent which is
being charged is reasonable.
_______________________________________________________
����ҡ���
��Ǩ�ӵͺ�ٹФ� �١����ء����������
1. The
man who is wearing the white shirt is my father.
The man wearing the white
shirt is my father.
2. Do
the books that are on the table belong to you?
Do the books on the table
belong to you?
3. There
were some children who are swimming in the pool.
There were some children swimming
in the pool.
4. Anyone
who is not feeling well should see the doctor.
Anyone not feeling well
should see the doctor.
5. Please
turn in the books which are checked out from the library today.
Please turn in the books checked
out from the library today.
6. Can
the money that is paid for this computer be refunded?
Can the money paid for this
computer be refunded?
7. Why
do you keep the stuff that�s being thrown away?
Why do you keep the stuff being
thrown away?
8. The
injuries who were taken to the hospital were safe.
The injuries taken to the
hospital were safe.
9. The
cars which are being made in Germany are very expensive.
The cars which being made in
Germany are very expensive.
10. We do not agree that the rent which is
being charged is reasonable.
We do not agree that the rent being
charged is reasonable.
������������¹���ҡó�����ͧ���Ŵ�ٻ͹ػ���¤�س�Ѿ��
(adjective clause) ����繺ؾ����� (prepositional phrase) �ѹ�Ф� ����ͧ���Ф���¡Ѻ���ҡó�����ͧ������¹�ҡ�͹˹�ҹ��
����դ���ᵡ��ҧ��硹��¤��
Grammar Reducing
adjective clauses to prepositional phrases
(���Ŵ�ٻ͹ػ���¤�س�Ѿ������繺ؾ�����)
����¤�����͹ػ���¤�س�Ѿ���Сͺ���»�иҹ�����
who, which ���� that ������ verb
to be ������ºؾ��������͡���� have ��С����ç
����öŴ�ٻ�� �¡������¹͹ػ���¤�س�Ѿ������繺ؾ����� ���͹ػ���¤�س�Ѿ������
have / don�t have ����öŴ�ٻ����繺ؾ������������� with
���� without ᷹
��иҹ |
͹ػ���¤�س�Ѿ�� |
��ǹ�ʴ� |
|
that + be,
have |
�ؾ����� |
||
The
supermarket |
that is |
near the
cinema |
is very big. |
The
supermarket |
- |
near the
cinema |
is very big. |
The clock |
that is |
on the wall |
doesn�t work. |
The clock |
- |
on the wall |
doesn�t work. |
The hat |
that has |
a pink
ribbon |
belongs to Susie. |
The hat |
- |
with a pink
ribbon |
belongs to Susie. |
A driver |
who doesn�t
have |
a license |
is illegal. |
A driver |
- |
without a license |
is illegal. |
������ѡ���Ŵ�ٻ͹ػ���¤�س�Ѿ������繺ؾ���������
���ǹ���ͧ�ҷ�Ẻ���ͺ�ٹФ� ����ҡ���ҧ���س�Դ���
Directions :
��¹����¤����ҹ������������¹͹ػ���¤�س�Ѿ������繺ؾ�����
1. I
prefer coffee that doesn�t have sugar.
______________________________________________________
2. The
students who have problems should ask their teacher.
______________________________________________________
3. The
umbrella which is near the door is mine.
_____________________________________________________
4. Who
is the handsome man who has long hair?
_____________________________________________________
5. Most
of the stores that are at the shopping center open at 11:00 a.m.
_____________________________________________________
6. The
employees who are not at the meeting should be in the office.
______________________________________________________
7. Is
the red sports car which is in the parking lot yours?
______________________________________________________
8. The
postman will not deliver the letter which does not have a stamp.
______________________________________________________
9. This
position requires someone who has a Bachelor of Engineering.
______________________________________________________
10. The
Military Police who are at the front gate are checking everyone�s
identification.
______________________________________________________
�����ҧ�ú�ҧ��
��������ء����������� �ͧ��Ǩ�ӵͺ�ٹФ�
1. I
prefer coffee that doesn�t have sugar.
I prefer coffee without sugar.
2. The
students who have problems should ask their teacher.
The students with problems
should ask their teacher.
3. The
umbrella which is near the door is mine.
The umbrella near the door
is mine.
4. Who
is the handsome man who has long hair?
Who is the handsome man with
long hair?
5. Most
of the stores that are at the shopping center open at 11:00 a.m.
Most of the stores at the
shopping center open at 11:00 a.m.
6. The
employees who are not at the meeting should be in the office.
The employees not at the
meeting should be in the office.
7. Is
the red sports car which is in the parking lot yours?
Is the red sports car in the
parking lot yours?
8. The
postman will not deliver the letter which does not have a stamp.
The postman will not deliver the
letter without a stamp.
9. This
position requires someone who has a Bachelor of Engineering.
This position requires someone with
a Bachelor of Engineering.
10. The
Military Police who are at the front gate are checking everyone�s
identification.
The Military Police at the front
gate are checking everyone�s identification.
���ҡó�����ͧ�ش���¢ͧ���������ǡѺ������§�ӴѺ�Ӣ���˹�Ҥӹ����Фس��ʧ�����������
��Ҩ��ҧ�Ӣ���˹�Ҥӹ�����ç�˹ ���˹�����͹����������ѧ ����ͧ�ѧ�Ť��
�������դ�͸Ժ�¾����������ҧ���������ҧ�Ѵਹ
Grammar Sequencing
modifiers before nouns
(������§�ӴѺ�Ӣ���˹�Ҥӹ��)
a an the your |
���ʴ���������Ңͧ |
�ӴѺ��� first next only |
�ӹǹ two many several |
�س�Ѿ�� ������ |
little old new |
�� |
�س�Ѿ�� ੾�� |
�ӹ�� |
�����ѡ |
the |
man�s |
first |
three |
classic |
old |
green |
Italian |
leather |
bags |
her |
mother�s |
only |
two |
- |
adult |
- |
- |
- |
children |
the |
- |
only |
other |
- |
- |
- |
French |
racing |
bike |
- |
Mary�s |
- |
two other |
- |
old |
- |
- |
math |
books |
your |
- |
only |
- |
- |
- |
blue |
- |
cotton |
blouse |
- |
- |
- |
several |
fantastic |
new |
- |
Thai |
- |
movies |
the |
colonel�s |
- |
- |
great |
- |
- |
army |
- |
mission |
the |
- |
same |
- |
fine |
old |
white |
French |
-
|
wine |
- |
- |
- |
many |
ripe |
- |
yellow |
- |
- |
mangoes |
a |
- |
- |
- |
beautiful |
new |
red |
American |
sports |
car |
�������ͧ��Ẻ���ͺ�ѹ�Ф�
�¹Ӥ��ǧ��������§�ӴѺ���١��ͧ
Directions :
�����㹪�ͧ��ҧ������ǧ���
������ҧ one ________ __________ morning (Sunday) (beautiful)
one beautiful Sunday morning
1. Jane�s
___________ ____________
classmate is very generous. (university) (former)
2. Denis
bought ___________
___________
____________ apples at the supermarket. (yellow) (eleven) (sweet)
3. Do
you enjoy studying
____________
______________ ____________
class? (intermediate) (Mr. Norton�s) (English)
4. The
news about the _________
___________
___________ scared me. (airplane) (fatal) (crash)
5. ________ _________ __________ ____________ will keep you warm. (sweater) (cotton) (thick) (this)
6. We
saw a(n) ___________ ___________ ____________ ___________ last weekend. (movie) (new) (exciting) (action)
7.
Liz
likes to eat _________ __________ _____________ ___________ before dinner. (vegetables) (green) (some) (fresh)
8. They always
spend __________
____________ ____________ ______________ in Spain. (summer) (their) (vacation) (usual)
9. _________ ____________ _____________ ____________ interests the Dean of
Admission. (record) (excellent) (his) (academic)
10. ___________ ____________ ______________ ____________ ____________ costs me several thousand dollars.
(furniture) (antique)
(bedroom) (beautiful) (this)
�ҡ�����
���ͧ��Ǩ�ӵͺ�ѹ�ա��Ҥ��
1. Jane�s
former university classmate is very generous.
2. Denis
bought eleven sweet yellow apples at the supermarket.
3. Do
you enjoy studying Mr. Norton�s intermediate English
class?
4. The
news about the fatal airplane crash scared me.
5. This
thick cotton sweater will keep you warm.
6. We
saw a(n) exciting new action movie
last weekend.
7. Liz
likes to eat some fresh green vegetables before
dinner.
8. They
always spend their usual summer vacation in Spain.
9. His
excellent academic record interests the Dean of Admission.
10. This
beautiful antique bedroom furniture costs me
several thousand dollars.
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